The article substantiates the necessity of the autopilot cars development for a radical increase in the road traffic safety. The autopilot cars modes of interaction are considered. Principal advantages which can be achieved with autopilot car operation are noted. A possible functional composition of a complex for the control of the autopilot cars traffic is shown.

The article considers the possibility of determining the labor intensity of repair actions for various design solutions of diesel engines. This need arises with a wide variety of types of power units and the difficulty in obtaining the values of time norms and costing the work on a wide range of engines. The parameter of labor is one of the main factors in determining the amount of costs. The existing methods of calculating time norms are quite complex and time-consuming in the determination of specific values. It is assumed that with sufficient approximation it is possible to calculate the time values depending on the engine design parameters. Dependent on the parameters adopted in this article, such as dry weight and engine displacement, a power function for determining the time spent on repairs was obtained. The values of deviations from the standard values fluctuate in a significant range. However, the accuracy obtained, in most cases, is sufficient for approximate preliminary calculations of repair costs.

The article presents two methods of analytical construction of the trajectory of an automobile vehicle by means of a polynomial approximation; the convergence of the proposed algorithms is estimated with the method described in [1]. This article continues the research of [1].

The approximate construction of trajectories makes it possible to investigate the movement of an automobile vehicle faster, in comparison with the construction and calculation of the FEM model, to facilitate work on assessing the performance of internal security factors, and also helps to verify the correctness of the developed FEM model.

 

The article deals the main problems in the field of passenger transport in Syria, namely the lack of regular routes (no schedule and control). It also covers methods for(model) routing of the transport network, including classic models like the model Vaselopulos, model Etlukhov, model Efremov, and modern models as the ant colony algorithm. The methodology of planning the basic route network of land passenger transport, which is the first step to allow the improvement of service to people in the movement to work and study (minimum time and more convenient and quality) in the region which suffer from a primitive organization of transport (for example, the province Latakia – Syria), which shows the success of the application of this methodology, through the development of the route network consists of 20 routes satisfy the need for the movement of passengers to the centers of gravity of transport.

The grading of the turning mechanisms (MP) of caterpillar machines (GMs) by their type, which influences the kinematics of the rotation of the GM, specifies the features of MP and their basic properties. Particular attention is paid to theoretical studies of the kinematic properties of the little-known IV type IV MP and to the analysis of its influence on the kinematics of the rotation of the GM. Comparative calculated data on MP of various types are given, in particular, the influence of the MP type on the speed properties of fast track crawler machines (BSM), which determine the possibility of their application in the structures of similar machines, is estimated. A mathematical dependence of the angular velocity of the rotation of the bogie is obtained depending on the ground conditions and the design curvature of the rotation. Based on the analysis of the properties of the GM with the considered MP of the IV type, conclusions are drawn about its main operational capabilities from the point of view of application in high-speed crawler machines (BSM) and tractors. The main shortcomings of PGM with MP of the IV type, which limit the use of the latter in the designs of modern GM, are identified.

Encoding transducers are one of the widely used devices to measure the characteristics of mechanical motion in modern technics. They like other types of measuring transducers have measurement errors which are irremovable in principle and cause a discrepancy between the expected and real efficiency of the systems containing them if errors aren't being taken into account. In this paper the fundamental terms and the definitions for this problem area are introduced, the generalized design and the generalized operating principle of encoding transducers are considered and an attempt is made to analyze the causes of their measurement errors. Based on the results of this analysis it was found that the most significant source of errors is the representation of data about measured continuous values by discrete signals which is characteristic for coding transducers. Also the main parameters which influence on the formation of discretization error were identified. It can be used in further research on the formation of a corresponding mathematical model.

In Russia, typical designs of road clothes for federal highways are being developed. Typical designs will avoid design errors and ensure their effective operation within the regulatory lifetime. Development of standard designs of road clothes is carried out taking into account well-grounded recommendations on the design characteristics of the clothes of coatings and substrates: the type of material, the thickness of the layer, the number of layers, the combination of materials in the structure. The recommendations for the design of road clothes for federal highways can be extended to any public highway. This article presents the results of the performed analysis of the practice of applying various types of asphalt road surfaces on federal highways of Russia with flexible pavements. The recommendations on the appointment of the type of asphalt road surface have been developed depending on the conditions of operation of the highway for the application of these rules in the design of flexible pavements.

The article considers the main positions of the "Repair reform" in the sphere of civil liability, as well as their impact on the auto insurance in general. Since the entry of these amendments to the FL № 40 "Compulsory insurance of civil liability" has passed 1 year, which allows analyzing the judgments’ truth in the study. The fact is that initially auto insurance system has stable regressive tendencies, which have a detrimental effect on organizational moments in the systems of technical inspection and restoration repair. In order to solve the accumulated problems in a strategic way, amendments to the legislation called "Repair reform" were developed. However, many experts are convinced that these decisions won’t allow to completely exclude the decades of corruption schemes. In this study, some of the most pressing issues asked to the "Repair reform" are put on the agenda, and the risks of applying its positions in practice are assessed. In the detailed analysis it becomes clear that the main problems has not decided by these innovations, but expand the already broad powers of insurance companies in the field of transport security-control of the policies of the civil liability, control of diagnostic (technical inspection), control of rehabilitation repair procedures (added by "Repair reform").

The transport system of Vietnam is growing every day, followed by a lack of traffic safety on the roads. Every year thousands of people die and are injured by road accidents. This has become a painful problem for the state and is a fear for every citizen in the traffic. The article describes the current state of road safety in Vietnam, shows accident rates, examines the causes of accidents, as well as the causes of inefficient use of road resources. The experience of the introduction of an intelligent transport system in the country's large cities is reflected, as well as the important problems from the point of view of the quality of the transport network that must be eliminated in order to overcome the barriers to the development of transport communication within the country. The article also proposes one modern solution to existing problems that need to use the system of photo-and video fixation of violations of traffic rules.

The problems of manufacturers of vehicles are considered in the article. A new mechanism for supporting car manufacturers is analyzed in the context of a decline in sales volumes. The conditions for concluding an investment contract (SPIC) are considered, since in fact after the completion of the agreements on industrial assembly this will be the only instrument capable of supporting vehicle manufacturers. The analysis of tax and other preferences provided to vehicle manufacturers (and not only) in case of their conclusion by the SPIC shows that despite the complex of preferences from the state not for all producers, it is attractive. This is due to the fact that in order to obtain each of the preferences, the conditions that the manufacturer must meet, which in conditions of a decline in economic growth for the majority of producers is unrealizable. The support of manufacturers who placed their production on the territory of the Russian Federation, giving jobs, tax revenues, is one of the measures to stabilize the current situation in the economy, but the main methods of increasing consumer demand should be directed not at producers but at consumers, income of the population.

Peculiarities of pedagogical activity are considered; the most demanded characteristics of this activity are highlighted: creative abilities, possession of subject knowledge, personality-oriented interaction with students. It is shown how the most effective educational technology – design technology – is used in MADI. The process of preparing the project involves close interaction between the teacher and the student: they work together, starting with the search and analysis of literary sources, the selection and search for the necessary equipment, as well as the preparation of the presentation of the project results. Participation in the research project develops the scientific skills; the production of the current model develops design skills. Some examples of student projects and projects of schoolchildren from Lyceum under MADI patronizing are given in this paper. All these projects were performed under the guidance of teachers of the Physics Department of MADI. It is shown that the personality-oriented interaction between students and the teacher makes it possible to strengthen the motivation for mastering the chosen profession.

The article deals the forms of motivation of students' education, including cognitive and social aspects, as well as methods of stimulating motivation for junior students, moving from business motivation to cognitive. It is shown that the consistent activity in the formation of students' motivation leads to the fact that successful students, having a negative or neutral attitude to the studies in the junior courses, come to a positive personal effective attitude to the learning. Various possibilities and perspectives of the development of the motivation for learning have been analyzed, including the use of the information system for studying the physics course "IS MADI: physics", attracting students to participate in subject olympiads, the creative work of students under the guidance of professors of the Department of Physics, preparing for the Scientific-research and scientific-practical MADI conference.

New technologies in engineering education, are becoming more active every year. Under the term – new technologies we are understood mainly various kinds of on-line courses, electronic educational resources and other types of information resources in the educational process. The application of all of the above technologies allows us to improve the process of obtaining new knowledge by students and increase their professional relevance in the labor market. The paper considers the features of the use of information technology for engineering education in Russia. The review is conducted on the analysis of the main factors affecting the use of information technology in engineering education. These factors include the personality characteristics of students of the generation z, the level of computer literacy of the teaching staff and the structure of the educational process in engineering education. The factors considered are comprehensively analyzed and on their basis the ways of interaction between teachers and students are proposed. An example of the use of Google Classroom is considered, as a variant of the system of interaction between teachers and students.

The article examines the experience of engineering and road forces in conducting reconnaissance of military highways in the winter during the Great Patriotic War, showing that the main attention was paid to the training of winter games with snow-plowing of roads, for which a snowmobile plan was prepared. The studied experience is useful for modern engineering and road forces, as well as in the civil sphere, especially for road specialists taking part in the development of the northern regions of our country.

In the article, based on the experience of military training of students, the influence of drill training on the quality of the reserve officer formation is highlighted. Single combat training develops in the serviceman of the reserve discipline, exactingness, enterprise, cohesion. During the formation of the Higher Military School of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, the problem of the quality of drill training for officers, sergeants, rank-and-file reserves at military departments at higher civilian educational institutions is being actualized. Graduates of the military departments assigned to the mobilization reserve and the mobilization human resource in the case of conscription should be able to start the task in a short time in the conditions of intensive rearmament, development of new solutions in the sphere of combat use of weapons and equipment.

The article suggests a methodical approach to determining the index of the explosive action of munitions during their full-scale tests and provides calculated dependencies for its determination. These dependencies can be used to automate the process of obtaining the initial data necessary for assessing the effectiveness of the munitions that destroy munitions, the solution of which can be used to predict possible damage on military highways while undermining various munitions taking into account various properties of the ground, as well as in innovative technologies for efficient construction roads.

Conducting control activities in student groups, in addition to assessing their knowledge, can also be designed to identify shortcomings in their knowledge, skills and abilities. Control will help the teacher to correct students these shortcomings. Computer testing allows the teacher to significantly intensify the control of students 'knowledge. It is advisable to consider the following aspects: types of questions included in the tests; description and presentation of specific types of questions on the section "Statics"; implemented methods of conducting classes in computer testing; preliminary conclusions on the actual testing. The article discusses the formation of two parts of computer testing: flat statics and spatial statics. Taking into account the characteristic student mistakes, the problems in the options are selected on the principle of "from simple to complex". Examples of some tests are given.

The article deals with the problem of determining stable and unstable equilibrium positions of the mechanical system of planetary mechanism type with one degree of freedom. The mechanism oscillates in a vertical plane. The function of the potential energy of the mechanism is studied. The features of free nonlinear oscillations of the mechanism are also investigated by the phase plane method. Built phase portraits. The mathematical model of the mechanical system, described by a system of nonlinear differential equations, allows to detect and investigate such moments in the behavior of the system, which are not available in linear theory. The analysis of the dependence of the number of equilibrium positions on changes in the values of some parameters of the system. It is shown that the considered mechanism, depending on its geometric characteristics, can have one or more stable equilibrium positions.

Tapered bearings are important structural elements of machines and devices because of their distinctive features, i.e, high axial and radial load capacities, as well as moment loads. When solving the problems of the rotor dynamics of rotating machines, great importance is played by the calculation of the relative movements of the bearing rings, which in principle can be determined by the finite element method. However, models consisting of finite elements are practically unsuitable for solving problems of rotary dynamics, since they usually require unacceptably large computer resources. In this regard, in this paper, a new model has been developed for calculating the relative movements of bearing rings based on the energy approach, taking into account inertial forces and gyroscopic moments. With the use of this model, the elastic characteristic of a tapered roller bearing typed 30208A at different angular velocities was investigated. In comparison with known results, results of developed model show their good veracity.

The paper deals with the features of the classic solution for critical stresses in the stability problem of a longitudinally compressed circular cylindrical shell. This stress consists of two terms, reflecting the ability of the shell to resist buckling due to bending and membrane deformations. With a non-zero Poisson's ratio, an axisymmetric edge effect develops, which reduces the critical load and leads to a change in the initial order of the eigen modes as the load increases (competition of eigen modes). It is established that shell with the edge effect always loses its stability only in non-axisymmetric forms. It is shown that if the edge effect does not develop, then the order of eigen forms at zero load and at a load close to critical is identical, that is, the phenomenon of competition of eigen formes does not arise.

The work is aimed at geotechnical prediction of the effects of construction of tunnel on the variation of stress-strain state of the soil massif, namely, the resulting subsidence of the ground surface. The work is performed both by numerical and analytical methods. As a result of this work, the authors developed a technique that allows to determine the settling of the earth's surface in the process of moving the tunnel-passage mechanized complex by the finite element method through the use of contact elements. For analysis of the received results the calculation of the subsidence of the earth's surface while advancing the tunnel boring mechanized complex for analytical methods. The calculation results obtained by numerical and analytical methods agree well with each other both qualitatively and quantitatively, which indicates the reliability of the calculated models and calculations.

Currently, the ice as object destruction is seen as the single crystal, which occur on the edges of the main voltage. In our view, the impurities contained in the ice in the form of air bubbles, salts, dust, organic substances, etc., do ice structure ragged both on the surface and inside the crystals themselves. As a result, the mechanical properties of ice vary even on adjoining sections of one ice array. On the other hand, ice, according to the authors, ice research, is a viscose-elastic solid, which, when destruction perceives longitudinal, shear compression. Considering that the destruction of the ice will be produced under the impact of the strike, believe that its destruction would occur when efforts only slightly in excess of the limit of elasticity.

When you create a model believe that for polycrystalline ice orderly type there are four possible systems of elastic parameters E – young's modulus and Poisson's ratio m – depending on the direction of the applied effort: the length and breadth of the crystals is relatively c-axis.

The article discusses two models for breaking the ice: Math and a regression, which showed high convergence on indicators of regression.

In the first case, the ice model represents an infinite plate small thickness based on elastic connection alternating rigidity, which are located on the hard ground. For breaking the ice punch, effective force of destruction directed along the slip planes.

In the second case to confirm the received model theoretically breaking the ice numerical experiment was carried out, which takes into account the basic mechanical properties of ice, geometrical parameters of the chosen model of ice and factors that influence on the strength of ice: the amount of external influence, the thickness, the thickness of the ice crystal spikes, young's modulus, the height of the ice layer.

Analysis of convergence of research results on the basis of the obtained models confirmed the hypothesis of breaking the ice as viscose-elastic solid body that perceives longitudinal fracture, shear compression.

The article deals with the Genesis of the phenomenon of "car". This concept as a semantic category corresponds today to the language expression "individual vehicle". The development of the car as an artefact and its significance and accessibility as a phenomenon of social consciousness is associated with several factors that are deterministic, namely: the emotional attitude of man to the world; the intellectual revolution that began in European culture in the Renaissance; scientific and technological progress, which was the result of the above. The nature of the car as an object and reflection of this nature is found in the culture of the Ancient world in the process of mythological knowledge of the world order. The cosmic order was positioned as a fine, which is expressed in rhythmic, appropriate movement of the celestial bodies. This is a great aware of a person and projected onto the device's earthly life, symbolized power and authority. Attributes of a great become fast speed of movement, dynamic strength, explicitly in artistically-shaped mythological gods and heroes, and then in the form of moving units, which have objective analysis person in the classes of cars, each of which had its original characteristics. In the Renaissance the humanistic paradigm is formed, which considers man as a Creator, expressing the world view in artefacts, for example: movement and self-movement in technical self-moving means. In modern culture, individual creativity and self-movement as the development of individual abilities were objectified in self-driving vehicles, and then shifted to the utilitarian interpretation of self-movement in the form of the liberation of man from physical labour. Today, the dualism of artificial and natural in the form of the principle of self-promotion is clearly expressed in the car as an object that gives a full opportunity for creative activity.

The article is devoted to the study of understanding in modern non-standard situations, such as the situation of virtual reality of the computer game. The author seeks to consider non-standard situations faced by people in the modern world. For example, conflict situations, virtual game situations, or virtual communication situations. The author presents the understanding not only as conditioned by a certain context or historical situation (the philosophical hermeneutics of H. Gadamer [1]), but also depending on the global problems of modernity. Globalization of the modern world has brought to the forefront the awareness of human involvement in world crises, in every country of the world. The author concludes that the situation of understanding has changed. It requires a faster and clearer response and more active understanding of the challenges of the world. Often, virtual communication replaces the real dialogue. Together with the situation of understanding, the tools and methods used by modern researchers are changing too. However, one of the most powerful means of understanding remains the researcher's interest in the subject. It is the interest, which pushes to ask the unknown, to start discovering new things. The researcher's interest and imagination help him in unusual situations of understanding.

The article is devoted to the problem of knowledge development as the basis of human belief. The author emphasizes that knowledge is the basis from which grow all human beliefs. The author approaches the study of the problem using the principle of development and traces the formation of the scientific picture of the world from mythological beliefs to modern civilization. The author also analyzes formation and structure of belief and influence on it, both the world as a whole, and internal development of the personality of the person, his delusions and their overcoming. He considers the formation of personal outlook in dynamics, notes the influence of external and internal factors on it. The author notes that the question of the correlation between the worldview and the scientific picture of the world cannot be solved unambiguously, these concepts coincide and at the same time do not coincide. The author also notes the peculiarities of the formation of personal worldview, when there is a discrepancy between its level and the worldview of the society or social group to which the person belongs. This discrepancy overcomes to the extent, when a function of the worldview grows up, that contributes the development of relevant sustainable skills of thinking and practical action. So the belief of the individual is formed.

The article considers some aspect of professional burnout of high school lecturers. Indicates internal and external reasons of this phenomenon. Internal reasons include personal qualities and psychological characteristics of the teacher. External problems include problems in the educational system related to the existing social problems, as well as problems related to the modern features of the higher education system: insufficient social status of a University teacher, which has fallen significantly since the Soviet Union, a large classroom workload, a large workload of bureaucratic work, which is often perceived by teachers as absolutely unnecessary. The problem is also considered in the aspect of the concepts of «purpose» and «means», «rational and irrational». According to our concept, through the analysis of the categories «goal», «means», «result» can not be given heuristically acceptable definition of irrational activity, but by analyzing the ratios of the goal, means and the result it is possible to identify situations that contribute to the manifestation of the «phenomenon of irrationality». Most often, the emergence of the «irrationality phenomenon» is caused by various factors, including such as an incorrectly chosen goal, which in fact does not meet the interests of the target subject, or unconsciousness by the subject of his goals and interests, as well as a change in value priorities in the process of activity. A common factor, especially in social activities, leading to the phenomenon of irrationality is the substitution of the goal by means of its achievement.

The article considers the most widespread point of view in the domestic literature, mainly in the educational literature, determining progress as a transition from the lower to the higher, from the less perfect to the more perfect. The concepts of "inferior", "higher", "less perfect" and "more perfect" cannot be considered definite, since they are used irrespective of anything. The same point of view is being considered, which considers the concept of "progress" to inorganic nature inapplicable in connection with the cyclical nature of its processes. Social processes are considered, which can also be considered cyclical. The author gives a general definition of progress and explores the scope of the notion of "progress". Progress is defined as the improvement of the degree of fitness of the system that implements and implements the system in its activities towards the environment and at the same time the degree of independence (autonomy) of the given system from the environment in relation to its past and future states. The author claims that adaptation to the environment, which is of a progressive type, is carried out through the realization of mental goals. In other cases, development can be explained by evolutionary changes in the system.

The concept of self-organization is now widely used, both in fundamental and applied science, becoming a paradigm of research of natural and social systems. The article describes the characteristics of open systems characterized by instability, diversity, nonlinearity; reveals the mechanisms of self-organization on the example of the development of objects of inanimate and living nature; substantiates the conclusion about self-organization as a way to move the system to a new level of development. The possibilities of synergetic approach in the study of social systems are demonstrated. For living systems introduced the principle of relativity of motion. The definition of self-organization as a process of spontaneous ordering, the emergence of spatial, temporal, spatiotemporal or functional structures occurring in open nonlinear systems. Living systems are presented as self-organizing systems in continuous chaotic motion. Homeostatic systems are constantly in chaos and this is a feature of medical and biological systems. Biosystems and social systems are similar, as they are in continuous motion, but their state is unique in time and space. The article concludes that this global uncertainty is inherent in all unique, complex biological systems, where we are talking about homeostasis.

The Article is devoted to the interdisciplinary field of knowledge – philosophy of technology as an independent direction of the modern approach of knowledge. In the modern world technology becomes the subject of study of a variety of disciplines, both technical, natural and social. The author emphasizes that the number of special technical disciplines is increasing, however, technology in general is not the subject of consideration of these disciplines. It is the task of philosophical consideration. The author considers the history of technology analysis as a phenomenon, the stage of technical optimism and technical pessimism, marks about more constructive approach of the discussion of issues of technique, function, technology. The author considers the technique as a means of resolving a certain human need. The author observes that the science investigates the cause, and the technique feasibility. Social philosopher Arnold Gelen, the author notes, was the first to consider the emergence of symbiosis of technology, industry and politics. And the main essence of the modern stage is the widespread introduction of information technologies – informatization of society. The author concludes that humanity is on the threshold of a new civilization, which will be fundamentally different from all the social formations that have existed so far.

The term "fundamentalism" generally refers to adherence to a doctrine or ideology to "fundamental" principles, ideas or texts that form the basis of a doctrine or a current. With regard to religion, the term has received a narrower meaning: fundamentalists tend to call supporters of "cleansing" the creed of later innovations, layers and borrowings and return to the "origins", "roots" of a particular creed. Despite the fact that fundamentalism in the modern world is associated with extremist religious movements and teachings, religious fundamentalism was born, developed and quite successfully thrives in the United States. Globally, there is a clear inverse relationship between the level of economic development of a society and its level of religiosity, but the US is a distinct exception to this rule. Fundamentalism appeared as one of the possible answers to the challenge of modernization, it is associated with the development of the Protestant movement and was formed among American Protestants in the late XIX – early XX century. American fundamentalism has undergone a significant evolution. Fundamentalists were able to master the media and the Internet space and are now a significant force in American public life. A common mistake is to regard fundamentalism as a form of conservatism. In fact, these two concepts are fundamentally different.