Road transport
The article presents a description and results of real tests conducted to study the braking of a single-track vehicle, as well as the passenger's influence on braking. By measuring the braking distance and time with and without a passenger, we identified the effect of passenger weight on the vehicle's ability to brake on different road surfaces. After the tests, all the data were recorded and analyzed. Based on the final data of this experiment, the following article was published.
The study and modeling of traffic flows is a modern scientific and practical direction of research. The article presents the results of the analysis of the freight traffic irregularity in the suburban area. The study was carried out using statistical and mathematical methods of data processing obtained using an automated traffic intensity control point located on the section of the federal motorway A-322 Barnaul - Rubtsovsk - the state border with the Republic of Kazakhstan. The traffic intensity for the following types of freight transport is analyzed: small cargo, cargo, large cargo. The irregularity during the week within each month is determined. By calculating the coefficients of variation, the division of the months of the year into two groups was proposed for the first time: with a relatively uniform weekly distribution, and with an uneven distribution. The coefficients of irregularity for the months of the second group are graphically shown.
The article examines the issue of the evolution of technologies in the automotive industry and the prospects for the use of aluminum as a material capable of improving the technical characteristics of manufactured vehicles, the environmental and economic situation in the Russian Federation and the world as a whole. The expediency of using aluminum in the automotive industry is substantiated. The relevance of replacing steel body parts with aluminum in the automotive industry is proved, which is due to the high technical and operational, physico-chemical properties of the material.
There is a rapidly growing need to study the issue of aluminum in the automotive and aerospace industries. Modified alloys and sophisticated processing processes expand the range of applications of the material. The metal-appropriate design and economical processing require careful research, knowledge of special performance characteristics.
Since the beginning of the twentieth century, the branch of the Russian aluminum industry adheres to a clear export orientation, where about 80% - 85% of the products are sent. At the same time, the raw material base itself provides less than half of the needs of our country's aluminum plants, the rest is provided by imports.
On the basis of reference materials and literary sources, the history of the formation of aluminum in the automotive industry is analyzed and the possibility of expanding the scope of application of this metal in the construction of vehicles is evaluated, its main advantages and disadvantages among other metals used in industry are described.
The analyzed conclusion on the expediency and relevance of further phased development of the technology for the introduction of aluminum parts and assemblies into the design of manufactured vehicles is presented, confirmed by the relevant conclusions.
Issues of transport construction
The oil resources depletion possibility in the near future casts doubt on the asphalt concrete using as the main material for road surfaces. Due to this, the question arises not only about the new transport routes construction prospects, but also about the possibilities of repairing already existing flexible road pavements. Cement concrete using is the most expedient method in this case.
Although there are technology guidelines in Russia, which in theory describe the basic principles of the "whitetopping", quality control of this repairing pavements method need to be developed. The authors analyzed domestic regulatory documents and foreign sources. The methods of laying and the technology of repairing asphalt concrete with cement concrete, quality control methods, including new parameters specific to this technology, were considered.
As a conclusion, the rational thickness of the reinforcement layers, the strength class of the cement concrete used, the rationality of the use of fiber in the mixture are proposed.
Transport equipment
The truck mounted concrete pump is the most efficient tool for working with concrete mixtures in the construction of high-rise structures. With the development of construction technology, ever higher technical requirements are placed on the boom of a concrete pump in terms of dynamics and control. In order to study the dynamic characteristics of the boom system, three dynamic models were built in this work, such as a model with several rigid links, a rigid-flex coupling model, and a rigid-flex coupling model with an equivalent hydraulic cylinder. Simulation analysis and experimental analysis have been carried out, and they show that we must not only take into account long-range movement, but also take into account small flexible deformation in order to accurately study the dynamic characteristics of the boom system. It provides a theoretical framework for vibration control, trajectory prediction, and lifetime estimation for the boom system and such structures.
In this article are presented three main models of front-end loaders «Amkodor» to compare their economic efficiency and choose the most optimal machine for a specific amount of work. The purpose of this work is to determine the most economically advantageous in terms of both the cost of work and the total price. Also the main characteristics of loaders are compared too. In this article are presented three models of front-end loaders: Amkodor 332C4, Amkodor 342C4, Amkodor 352C-02.
Economics and management
The issues of innovative development of companies in the process of forming competitive advantages are considered, the features of transformational changes in the international economy are revealed. The ways of increasing the competitiveness of the state are determined, the determinants that form the basis of the innovative development of companies in individual countries are evaluated. The innovative potential of the state is studied, the objects of competitiveness are considered, and the relationship between international competitiveness, the structure of export potential and industrialization of various countries is determined. The increasing degree of interdependence between capital markets and new technologies is proved. The role of STP in the economic development of countries is analyzed. The logical result of the study was the conclusion that in order to increase competitiveness and enhance the multiplicative effect of economic growth of the state, it is necessary to use the results of modern scientific and technological achievements, introduce infrastructure innovations.
Project management is developing, new methods, approaches, methodologies and tools for project management are emerging, and with their appearance, approaches related to project teams are changing and developing. Waterfall, Agile and hybrid methodologies are used to create projects. This article discusses the formation and management of teams, their main differences, as well as the roles of team members. The purpose of the article is to study teams in different approaches. In the course of the work, the main features of the commands in the methods under consideration were described, examples of creating commands were given. As a result, the main differences, advantages and disadvantages of the organization of teams in these approaches are revealed. Each team differs according to different criteria and methods of creation in each of the approaches considered.
Road safety
The article is devoted to the problem of increasing the number of road accidents involving means of individual mobility (SIM). It is proposed to use the method of modeling a road section to analyze the characteristics of the traffic flow that change with the appearance of these means. The types and characteristics of means of individual mobility are briefly described, both positive and negative aspects of using SIM in an urban environment are given. The simulation of the considered section of the road network allowed us to obtain data on the characteristics of the traffic flow. The Aimsun simulation program made it possible to create models of a section of the road network with various effects of individual mobility means on traffic conditions. This program provides an opportunity to carry out not only statistical, but also dynamic modeling, which greatly simplifies the overall perception of the traffic situation. A model of the road section has been created that allows automating the information processing process, as well as helping, taking into account the consideration of several models of movement of individual mobility vehicles, to choose the most appropriate one. The application of this program will significantly speed up the process of processing information about the characteristics of the traffic flow necessary to assess the current situation.
Логистика на транспорте
The article presents a comparative overview of the top guidelines of digital transformation in logistics and supply chain management on the example of the implementation of design solutions aimed at introducing modern intelligent transport systems, autonomous driving systems and self-driving car into the logistics sector, elements of artificial intelligence, developing and widely using new generation digital platforms, deliveries using drones, the use of big data analysis technology and advanced algorithms (Big Data) in the Eurasian Economic Community countries. The influence of the results of the introduction of digital technologies in supply chain management on the efficiency of the logistics sector is shown. Examples of activities for the introduction of intelligent transport systems, tests of unmanned delivery are given. The main characteristics of the Big Data technology, as well as autonomous driving systems and unmanned vehicles are described.
Вопросы инженерной педагогики
The article deals with the problems that arise during distant classes with students, and suggests some ways to improve the effectiveness of these classes. An analysis is made of the possibilities of using Internet resources with classic lecture demonstrations, animated videos and virtual laboratories. It is shown that the greatest opportunities are provided by the use of virtual laboratories, an important advantage of which is the possibility of changing the parameters of the considered physical problem directly during the online demonstration. This allows, on the one hand, to more clearly present the essence of the physical phenomenon under discussion, and on the other hand, makes it possible to carry out simple calculations, which involves students in active work during distance learning. The work was carried out at the Department of Physics and reported at the Research and Scientific-Practical Conference of MADI.
Problems in the formation of artificial intelligence in Russian society and in the domestic educational system today go to the forefront of scientific and engineering activity. The article analyzes the attitude of future developers of IT technologies to the main content blocks that characterize the state in the field of artificial intelligence formation at present: scientific and engineering activities, the specifics of economic implementation, legal issues of personal and personal data security, as well as social and humanitarian responsibility.
The article describes psychological aspects of personality features and behavioural preferences of the modern younger generation, provides analysis of MADI students psychometric testing results as well as recommendations on learning process improvement for the “English language for Business communication” programme.