MILITARY TRAINING OF STUDENTS OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE

Abstract

The role of the military training system for students of higher education in organization and provision with mobilization human resources of the needs of the military organization of the Russian Federation in wartime is determined. Periodization of the origin and development of this system is carried out with respect to its central foundation – the Soviet period of creation and operation. The requirements of the Imperial Decrees on the establishment of the Moscow, Kazan and other universities, the general statutes of Russian universities 1804, 1835, 1863 and 1874, and a number of other normative acts and studies, evidencing the absence of a unified state systemic approach in the Russian Empire to organize the military training of students as an important component of the advance accumulation of mobilization human resources to meet the needs of the military organization of the state in the military time. The urgent measures taken by the military and political leadership of the empire to replenish the incomplete officer corps of the junior commander during the Crimean War (1853–1856) and the First World War (1914–1917), the participation in these wars of representatives of the student community of the Russian Empire, the organization and order of their accelerated military training and subsequent production of officers in wartime. General conclusions about the purpose of military training of students in the system of higher education and its state in the initial period of development are formulated, the main reasons for the lack of a systematic organization of such training in the Russian Empire.