The article discusses the sources of power disturbance of oscillations of an automobile internal combustion engine in idle modes. The article shows that assumptions about uniform rotation of the engine crankshaft in idle mode do not allow to adequately assess all variable power factors and their contribution to the excitation of engine vibrations on the suspension. Non-uniformity of angular speed of crankshaft caused both by natural features of kinematics of crank mechanism of piston engine and by non-identity of successive working processes in its cylinders significantly changes parameters of variable force factors acting on power unit. Amplitude of force action caused by non-uniformity of angular speed is directly proportional to moment of inertia of flywheel and inversely proportional to number of engine cylinders.

The results of mathematical modeling of the operating process of a spark-ignition engine when running on gasoline and two carbon-free fuels: hydrogen and ammonia are presented. To carry out the computational study, a software package developed at MADI was used. The heat release process in the engine combustion chamber was modeled using the formula proposed by Wiebe. For each of the fuels under study, the index m of the Wiebe formula was determined. The choice of the value of m was carried out based on the condition of coincidence of experimental and calculated data on the maximum cycle pressure and the highest rate of pressure increase. At the second stage of computational studies, the impact on the performance of a spark-ignition engine from switching to hydrogen and ammonia was assessed. The composition of the mixture in this study was assumed to be stoichiometric. With the transition to hydrogen, the maximum value of the heat release rate increases by 17.5% compared to gasoline, while with ammonia it increases by 1.6%. Engine operation on ammonia has the highest hourly fuel consumption, which is 2.6 times higher than that of gasoline and 6.2 times higher than that of hydrogen.

The arguments substantiating the need for the development of the use of a gas-diesel internal combustion engine (ICE) in the Regions of the Far North are presented. Additionally, a modern interpretation of the evolution of this project is presented, linking it with the area of operation. The objectives of the development of a gas-diesel power plant, the processes of operation of a power plant with a modified, gas-diesel power supply system, the rationality of operation in the regions of the far north are considered. The analysis of the fuel mixture consisting of diesel and gas fuel is carried out. An assessment of the pricing policy of the fuel market has been carried out and the expediency of using gas-diesel engines on cars operating in the Far North Regions has been substantiated. A variant of transporting the fuel mixture in a special tank to remote work sites operating gas-diesel power plants is proposed. Additionally, a potential tank model of a gas-diesel mobile filling station is presented.

The article considers the modernization of the design of domestically produced asphalt pavers, aimed at simplifying the transportation of equipment. The article analyzes aspects related to simplification of transportation of asphalt pavers of domestic manufacturers. Particular attention is paid to the problems faced by organizations providing asphalt mixture laying and operators when relocating the equipment, and a constructive solution for their elimination is proposed by installing an upgraded frame that meets the ergonomic requirements of operators when operating the machine. The proposed design will reduce the transport dimensions of the paver during transportation.

This paper presents an assessment of the load on the drive axles of self-propelled modular trailers (hereinafter referred to as SPMT) under various modes. SPMT is used for transportation of oversized heavy cargo. The article describes the features of the SPMT and the design of the drive axle using the example of the Cometto MSPE EVO2. Based on the technical characteristics of the SPMT determines the dependence of the maximum rotation speed of the input shaft of the drive axle on torque for various configurations. The obtained dependence allows us to determine the movement parameters of the SPMT: the maximum speed for each configuration depending on the load conditions (axial load and longitudinal slope of the road). Based on the calculated operating parameters of the SPMT, the travel time for the transportation route can be determined and the necessary configuration can be selected to overcome the route with known characteristics (longitudinal slope) with a specific cargo weight.

The article is devoted to the issue of heating fuel in a tanker tank. Some reasons for the deterioration of the fluidity properties of diesel fuel under low temperature conditions are considered. Various design options for refueling tanks have been analyzed.

The design of a tanker made of composite material and options for the fuel heating system are considered.

An analysis of the factors influencing the provision of the required temperature regime for the transportation of diesel fuel was carried out. The means of maintaining the required regime are described.

The article presents the main provisions of the mathematical description of the temperature regime of transportation of fuel and lubricants. These dependencies make it possible to practically calculate heat losses and the required amount of heat.

The final part describes practical recommendations for ensuring the required temperature conditions for the transportation of diesel fuel under conditions of low negative temperatures.

The article presents an analysis of the operation of the two-stage slot seal assembly of the circulation circle of the experimental U358012VM torque converter. Based on the theoretical analysis, the optimal sizes of the slots of the two-cascade sealing unit were selected, guaranteeing its reliable operation, as well as the optimal size of the drain hole. In the work, based on the calculation of the influence of the design parameters of a two-stage sealing unit, it was revealed that the magnitude of the static pressure of the make-up in the circulation circle significantly depends on the ratio of the sizes of the slots of the pump and turbine shafts of the first cascade, and also depends on the operating mode of the torque converter; in addition, it is desirable that when designing the sealing unit unit according to a two-stage scheme, the radial clearance in the slot on the pump shaft was greater than the clearance on the turbine shaft.

Highways are an integral part of our life, the number of cars increases annually, which requires the creation of high-quality asphalt concrete pavements, so the question arises about the modernization of the technology of laying the roadway. This article proposes the development of an innovative technology module for laying road surfaces, namely an asphalt concrete mixture loader, which will optimize the process of transporting the mixture from the dump truck body to the receiving hopper of the paver. The advantages and disadvantages of using asphalt concrete mix loaders used in the construction of different categories of highways are considered, the construction stages and processes arising with asphalt concrete mix are studied in detail. Calculations of the time of laying asphalt concrete pavements using traditional technology, as well as when using the designed loader, have been made. Comparative analysis has demonstrated the feasibility of technology that allows to improve the quality of the roadway.

The acceleration process during traction-dynamic calculation is divided into several stages, the most difficult of which for mathematical description is starting. The article is devoted to the study of diaphragm clutches used on cars and trucks. When constructing an acceleration graph for a car with a traditional manual transmission, five assumptions are made, and one of them concerns the coefficient of safety of the friction clutch, when used, several misconceptions arise: the clutch characteristic is the friction torque; table values are given without indicating the source; do not distinguish between dynamic and static safety factors; When shifting along the external speed characteristic, the safety factor changes. The authors note that the main problem is the lack of information about the real values of the friction torque. An experiment was conducted to determine the stiffness of a disc spring for diaphragm clutches with mileage. Conclusions are formulated about the influence of various factors on the clutch safety factor.

The article discusses the reasons for the loss of the target for optical visibility by the advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS) system when operating under different conditions. As a consequence, the ADAS system as a whole is observed to malfunction, which can lead to accidents. Such a problem is typical for operating conditions in all conditions. The purpose of this work is to describe the methodology developed by the authors of comparative testing of cars on public roads. The task of this methodology is to compare the behavior of cars under different operating conditions, affecting the loss of purpose, when the adaptive cruise control and lane keeping on public roads. As a part of the task, the algorithm for the test preparation has been developed. The equipment required for the tests is described. The number of vehicles involved is justified, as well as their mutual location on the roadway during the tests. The responsibilities of each test team member are specified and described in detail. A methodology for measuring the time from the time of loss to the time of recapture of the target has been developed. The choice of the test length by run and driving direction is justified in order to obtain a sufficient number of measurements for subsequent analysis. The results of the tests are given. 

The first half of 2022 was a period of great trials for the Russian automotive industry. Due to the economic restrictions imposed by the West, the import of certain automotive components was directly prohibited, the supply of others became impossible due to the disruption of logistics chains. Many foreign car companies, including European and Japanese, were directly banned from investing in the Russian economy. As a result, automobile assembly plants, of which there have been many in Russia in recent decades, last spring still worked on the remnants of already imported machine kits, but by the middle of the year almost all of them stopped.

 Despite the fact that over time the Russian automotive industry has found a way to function in new conditions and is gradually adapting to them, the task of creating its own technologies and component base remains relevant.

The article provides an analysis of possible ways out of the situation of shortage of automotive components and identifies the most effective method for implementing localized production and minimizing the dependence of the industry on imports.

The article discusses the development of the professional training course "Interpreter in the sphere of professional communication" since its appearance in different non-linguistic Russian institutions of higher education up to the present day, presents the results of the comparison of several interpreter training programs in non-linguistic (mainly technical) Russian institutions of higher education that exist at the present time. The article aims at identifying current trends in professional retraining programs for translators in non-linguistic universities, the prospects of such programs and their relevance in the future, and raises the questions of the need for structural subdivisions of the humanitarian orientation in technical universities - humanities departments, language centers, etc. The data presented in the article and their analysis allow us to draw conclusions about the need to improve language and, in particular, translation programs at technical universities, to introduce new disciplines into them, especially those studying advanced and constantly improving machine translation technologies, and to pay increased attention to the study of oral translation.

The peculiarities of a person's personality and the peculiarities of his activity influence the formation of his mental states. Unfavorable mental states disrupt the course of mental functions, form negative, inadequate to social requirements features and personality traits, worsen the effectiveness of activities, weaken mental and physical health.

In the process of physical culture and sports activities of female students, various mental states may arise that cause unambiguous changes in the body and affect educational activities in general in different ways. The expressiveness of various mental states of female students is manifested during their test and examination session. The following mental states are considered the most common: anxiety, fear, monotony, satiety, stress, self-doubt, etc.

This study was conducted in the course of practical physical culture and sports activities of female students during the test and examination session. Based on the data obtained on their personal qualities and characteristics of their mental states, the scientific analysis carried out, tools and methods have been developed, practical recommendations for the formation of positive mental states, such as stabilization of positive emotional states and psychosamoregulation, are given.