PROPOSALS FOR IMPROVING THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN ORDER TO CREATE CONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BICYCLE INFRASTRUCTURE IN RUSSIA
Abstract
This article analyzes the main normative documents regulating the process of creating a Bicycle infrastructure and justifies a number of priority measures to improve them.
The analysis of the current revision of the town planning code of the Russian Federation, Federal laws "On organization of traffic in Russia", "On road safety", "About highways and about road activity in the Russian Federation", "On General principles of organization of local government in the Russian Federation", the Budgetary code of the Russian Federation, Technical regulations of the Customs Union "road Safety", decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation "Requirements to programmes for the integrated development of transport infrastructure of settlements, urban districts", Traffic regulations in Russia. Shortcomings and contradictions that prevent the deployment of the process of creating a Bicycle infrastructure and the development of Bicycle movement in Russia are identified.
The main obstacle that hinders the development of the Bicycle infrastructure is the fact that bicycles and technical means of individual mobility (TMIM) are not considered as full-fledged "vehicles". Accordingly, the Bicycle infrastructure is considered not as a full-fledged transport infrastructure, but as an element of site improvement and recreation.
To" start "the process of developing Bicycle transport, it is necessary to amend the definition of such concepts as" vehicle"," road"," driver of the vehicle", explicitly specifying the place of Bicycle transport and TSIM in these concepts. This will allow you to use all the accumulated experience in the field of road activities for the development of Bicycle infrastructure and infrastructure for TMIM.
The second" lever " for the development of TSIM and Bicycle transport is the mechanism for developing plans for the integrated development of transport infrastructure and Integrated traffic management schemes. It is important to ensure the effectiveness and quality of these documents.
Finally, the third key element of improving legislation is a clearer classification of TMIM and bicycles, as well as other vehicles, in the Traffic regulations. This will allow you to regulate and clearly distinguish the rules of operation of these vehicles.References
1. Urban planning code of the Russian Federation No. 190-FZ of 29.12.2004 (ed. of 27.12.2019).
2. Federal law No. 443-FZ of December 29, 2017 "on the organization of road traffic in the Russian Federation and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation".
3. Federal law No. 196-FZ of December 10, 1995 "On road safety".
4. Shelmakov S. V., Galyshev A. B. non-motorized mobility: proc. stipend. - Moscow: MADI, 2020. - 175 p.
5. Federal law No. 257-FZ of 08.11.2007 "On highways and road activities in the Russian Federation and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation".
6. Federal law No. 131-FZ of 06.10.2003 "on General principles of local self-government organization in the Russian Federation".
7. Budget code of the Russian Federation No. 145-FZ of 31.07.1998 (ed. of 27.12.2019).
8. Asaul N. A. State policy in the development of Cycling in the Russian Federation. Report at the Winter Cycling Congress on February 8, 2018.
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