THE MECHANISM OF THE EFFECT OF INCOME INEQUALITY ON THE MACROECONOMIC SITUATION IN RUSSIA

Abstract

The article deals with the modern parameters of the national economy, identified problems in the distribution of household income and economic indicators that form the value of consumer spending of Russians. The preconditions causing differentiation of the population depending on the level of per capita monetary income are formulated. The causes of changes in consumption and differences in the structure of consumption of rich and poor groups are considered. The correlation between income inequality and consumption is revealed. In addition, the authors analyze the impact of income inequality on consumption on the basis of statistical data of the Russian Federation using the Lorentz Curve and the Gini coefficient. The dynamics of income and consumer spending of households for 2014–2018 is shown. the Authors calculated the relationship of the economic policy of the state, the marginal propensity to consumption, the marginal propensity to save and the multiplier of spending on the standard of living of the population and its dynamics. Special attention is paid to the study of economic development of the Russian Federation with the help of P. Romer's model. A natural result of the study was the conclusion that the differentiation of society has a negative impact on the poor, even if the overall welfare of the population. Inequality in society reduces the availability of education and health services, leading to a reduction in future household income. The fall in consumer spending leads to a reduction in aggregate demand, national income and provokes a decline in GDP. Therefore, investments in human capital are necessary to stimulate economic growth and change the structure of consumer spending.