MODELING OF PROCESSES OF BREAKING THE ICE

Abstract

Currently, the ice as object destruction is seen as the single crystal, which occur on the edges of the main voltage. In our view, the impurities contained in the ice in the form of air bubbles, salts, dust, organic substances, etc., do ice structure ragged both on the surface and inside the crystals themselves. As a result, the mechanical properties of ice vary even on adjoining sections of one ice array. On the other hand, ice, according to the authors, ice research, is a viscose-elastic solid, which, when destruction perceives longitudinal, shear compression. Considering that the destruction of the ice will be produced under the impact of the strike, believe that its destruction would occur when efforts only slightly in excess of the limit of elasticity.

When you create a model believe that for polycrystalline ice orderly type there are four possible systems of elastic parameters E – young's modulus and Poisson's ratio m – depending on the direction of the applied effort: the length and breadth of the crystals is relatively c-axis.

The article discusses two models for breaking the ice: Math and a regression, which showed high convergence on indicators of regression.

In the first case, the ice model represents an infinite plate small thickness based on elastic connection alternating rigidity, which are located on the hard ground. For breaking the ice punch, effective force of destruction directed along the slip planes.

In the second case to confirm the received model theoretically breaking the ice numerical experiment was carried out, which takes into account the basic mechanical properties of ice, geometrical parameters of the chosen model of ice and factors that influence on the strength of ice: the amount of external influence, the thickness, the thickness of the ice crystal spikes, young's modulus, the height of the ice layer.

Analysis of convergence of research results on the basis of the obtained models confirmed the hypothesis of breaking the ice as viscose-elastic solid body that perceives longitudinal fracture, shear compression.