The article discusses the most important institutes of science "Political Science": the political system, political and state regimes, democracy; analyzes the main trends in the state-political development of the countries of the former USSR (Russia's experience is beyond the scope of this study) during the formation of independent states, the experience of the establishment of political systems over the past 30 years. The author of the article made an attempt to give a general description of the types of political regimes of both participants in the CIS, Ukraine, Georgia, and the Baltic states; features of the political process of the former Soviet states in the realities of the beginning of the XXI century are shown. Political regimes in most post-Soviet states can be characterized as regimes of initial reversible democracy, transitional, hybrid, including signs of authoritarian, quasi-democratic, nationalistic types of politics and domination, which greatly complicates their classification as classical types of classification of Western political science theories.