In conditions of maintaining a favorable foreign economic environment and increasing effective domestic demand, Russia's foreign trade activity is one of the most important factors in the development of the national economy and economic stabilization of the country. The current state of the foreign trade system of the Russian Federation is due to the country's foreign economic potential, which is influenced by external and internal factors.

The article examines modern foreign trade relations of Russia, identifies their features at the macro level, and also evaluates significant indicators of the foreign trade policy of the national economy. Using the components of the macroeconomic environment, the authors identified critical points and factors determining the state of exports and imports. Conclusions are drawn about the need to develop a program to create favorable conditions for the foreign trade system of Russia. The authors have substantiated the relationship between the state's foreign economic policy and the terms of trade with the equilibrium in the four main macroeconomic markets.